Gnomonic projection

The point of perspective of the gnomonic projection lies at the center of the Earth. As a consequence great circles (orthodromes) on the surface of the Earth are displayed as straight lines, which makes it suitable for distance estimation for navigational purposes. It is neither conformal nor equal-area and the distortion increases greatly with distance to the projection center. It follows that the scope of application is restricted to a small area around the projection center (at a maximum of 60°).

flon0/lat0[/horizon]/scale or Flon0/lat0[/horizon]/width

f or F specifies the projection type, lon0/lat0 specifies the projection center, the optional parameter horizon specifies the maximum distance from projection center (in degrees, < 90, default 60), and scale or width sets the size of the figure.

import pygmt

fig = pygmt.Figure()
fig.coast(
    region="g",
    projection="F-90/15/12c",
    frame="afg",
    land="khaki",
    water="white",
)
fig.show()